Vareniki history and traditions. Vareniki: hearty homemade meal. Ravioli is a type of Italian pasta

Ukrainian people cooking has long been known boiled pies with different fillings, which are referred to as vareniki. According to old legends, this is a primordially Slavic dish, but in fact, the recipe for these fabulous boiled pies was borrowed from the Turks, who called them “dush-var”.

This Turkish dish more like our dumplings, but the Ukrainians liked them so much that, having slightly altered the recipe for the dish, they became one of the main “guests” on our tables. Especially often they were prepared for holidays or on Sundays, and even prepared as a gift for a pregnant woman, and for a wedding.

As for the “dush-var”, they are made from dough, and the main filling is meat. But the Ukrainian people are so versatile that several dozens came out of one dish. After all, you and I can list endlessly what happens to vareniki.

About the name "vareniki"

Origin of the name "vareniki" comes from the word "cook". But this dish also had another name - “dumplings with sand”, which means hearty dumplings. They never have a sweet filling, but only fried lard with flour. Such dumplings are popular in Chernihiv and Poltava regions.

« Hearty dumplings» also got its name from hearty stuffing: cabbage, crushed peas, beans. They have their popularity in Kharkov.

IN regions of western Ukraine, dumplings are called "pies". They were boiled in boiling water, then they were taken out with a ladle, put into a makitra and poured with vegetable or butter frying, as well as from lard with onions. They let it brew for ten minutes and served it on the table.

There are also "dumplings with a surprise", often they are prepared for the New Year and Christmas holidays, when one could guess.

All unmarried girls, as well as those who did not have a family life, cooked dumplings on the holy evening, together with a married woman, and while they were talking about the upcoming fortune-telling, this woman added hot pepper to one of the dumplings, and which of the girls I came across such a dumpling, this year, according to the prediction, she should get married.

Varenyky entered the Slavic culture to such an extent that a monument to dumplings. The author is the honored sculptor and artist of Ukraine Ivan Fizer.

Vareniki is a traditional Ukrainian dish. They can be made with various fillings: cottage cheese, cabbage, cherries, potatoes and many others. Dumplings are also loved in Russia.

However, vareniki did not appear in Ukraine immediately. The so-called forefather of this dish was a Turkish dish called dush-vara. It was a dish resembling dumplings. Lamb with tail fat was used as a filling. Seasonings and garlic were added to give flavor.

Despite the dislike for the Turks, the Ukrainians really liked the dush-vara. But it is not in the traditions of the Ukrainian people to eat lamb. Therefore, the "inside" was changed to cherry. Later, the filling became more diverse. Her choice depended not only on the preferences of the household, but also on religious considerations. So, in the posts and the filling was lean. To make the dough, rye, wheat or buckwheat flour was taken, which was mixed with whey and egg.

Initially, vareniki were called vara-niki, and later the name passed into modern vareniki.

Dumplings not only took pride of place on the table of Ukrainians, but also appeared on the pages of the manuscripts of famous writers. Gogol's description alone in the work "Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka" causes a surge of appetite among readers.

Modern dumplings

The popularity of the dish has continued to this day. Many Ukrainians are happy to cook this dish, as in Everyday life, and on the festive table.

Russia is no exception. Here, dumplings are also actively prepared and eaten, allowing you to diversify the daily menu.

However, in order to fully enjoy the taste delights, you need to cook the dumplings correctly. If you don’t really want to work on their manufacture, then you can buy ready-made semi-finished products.

But here there is one caveat: not all manufacturers can treat you to delicious and excellent dumplings. What can not be said about the MPZ "Rublevsky Meat Processing Plant". The manufacturer offers dumplings with potatoes and mushrooms. But this is not the most important thing. More important is quality. Rublevskie vareniki are indistinguishable from homemade dish: delicious, juicy, filled with fresh stuffing. Mmmm, lick your fingers. And it proves this about MPZ "Rublevsky" customer reviews. After reading them, it is easy to form an opinion about the manufacturer: the quality and taste of dumplings are at the highest level.

Vareniki are boiled in broth. The cooking time depends on the filling. But the readiness of the dish is easy to determine: dumplings float upside down. They are caught, placed in a plate, watered abundantly. butter. On the table with dumplings, there must be sour cream. Dinner is served, bon appetit everyone!

Fragrant dumplings - one of the most famous dishes Ukrainian cuisine. Blinded out unleavened dough and boiled until cooked in salted water, dumplings are practically not boring, since they can be cooked with a variety of fillings. Salty or sweet, fatty or lean - dumplings always turn out tasty and satisfying.

History of dumpling

Dishes from boiled unleavened dough are found in many national cuisines: hearty and tasty, they are easy to prepare and keep well in the cold. It is believed that the first unleavened dough products boiled in water were made in China. Gradually, the dish spread throughout Asia and Europe. Along the way, recipes changed, adapting to the characteristics of certain national cuisines. But, perhaps, no dough dish is distinguished by such a variety of fillings as Ukrainian dumplings.

It is believed that varenyky came to Ukrainian cuisine from Turkish. Small Turkish dumplings "dushbara" fell in love with Ukrainians. Gradually, the name was transformed into "vara-niki", and then into vareniki. This, however, is not the only version of the appearance of a new name for the dish: many culinary historians believe that dumplings were so named according to the method of preparation - boiling.

Compared to Turkish food, dumplings have also changed in appearance. Dumplings have become much larger than "their parents", many new fillings have appeared, including sweet ones. Hearty dumplings quickly became a real symbol of Ukrainian cuisine: Nikolai Gogol and other lesser-known writers mentioned them in their works.

Peculiarities

The dough for dumplings is traditionally used unleavened, without the addition of yeast and other leavening agents. It should be elastic, tender and at the same time dense, so that the filling does not leak out of the dumpling during the boiling process.

The variety of fillings for dumplings is impressive. The most famous dumplings are with cottage cheese and cherries, and almost any berries and fruits can be used as a filling. Sweet dumplings are served as an independent dish or as a hearty dessert. Dumplings with salty filling may well replace the main course. In fasting, such dumplings have long been cooked with cabbage , potatoes, mushrooms or beans , and in fast days, the filling was made from meat, eggs, cheese.

A traditional Ukrainian lunch is unthinkable without a large bowl of dumplings in the center of the table. Sour cream is usually served with dumplings. Other additives are also allowed. For example, to dumplings with sweet stuffing honey or fragrant jelly sauces are often offered. And spicy dumplings are eaten with vegetable or butter, or with cracklings.

In addition to ordinary dumplings, reminiscent of small pies, they also cook lazy dumplings. Such dumplings are rather reminiscent of layered cake or a casserole of several layers of dough and filling. Before serving, such a casserole is cut into small squares and poured with sour cream. Of course, such a dish is prepared much faster than traditional dumplings, but the taste is completely different.

Another kind of lazy dumplings is made only with cottage cheese. While hard-working housewives diligently enclose a fragrant filling in a dough shell, lazy people simply mix all the ingredients, cut the dough thus obtained into pieces, and then boil these pieces in boiling water.

delicious dough

The dough for dumplings is made from eggs, wheat flour and liquid - water, milk, kefir, whey. Sometimes a little melted butter is added to the dough. The dough is usually lightly salted, but sugar is never added: this worsens taste qualities dishes, the dough becomes fragile, easily torn. If dumplings are planned to be served for dessert, then sugar is added to the filling and used to sprinkle the finished dish.

The chef faces a difficult task: the dough must be soft, elastic and at the same time durable. There are many recipes for dumplings, but the main secret is delicious dough is not in the use of some secret ingredients, but in technology.

So, you should use hot water or other liquid to prepare the dough. Water is mixed with egg or salt, after which the resulting emulsion is gently mixed with flour. There should not be too much flour: dumplings made from very tough dough turn out to be tough and tasteless.

The finished dough must be left to “rest” in the cold for half an hour to forty minutes. During this time, the dough will “ripen”, gain elasticity and softness.

After that, you can start sculpting dumplings. You can cut out circles of dough with a glass, or you can lay the filling on square dough plates. In any case, there should not be too much filling, and the edges of the dumplings must be sealed very carefully. Properly molded dumplings do not fall apart and retain their shape after cooking.

Cooking is carried out in salted boiling water. As soon as the dumplings float to the top, they are ready. They should be caught with a slotted spoon, quickly dried and served.

Such different fillings

The filling for dumplings can be anything, as long as it is not too juicy, liquid. Therefore, when preparing, for example, dumplings with cherries, you must first fill the berries with sugar, then drain the resulting syrup and dry the cherries. It would be useful to add a small amount of starch to the berries, which will “bind” the excess liquid and prevent it from soaking into the dough.

Very tasty dumplings with meat. They differ from traditional dumplings not only in size, but also in the fact that the meat in the filling is not raw, but pre-boiled (or cooked in another way), and then chopped. For juiciness, onions and sometimes mushrooms are added to the filling.

You can cook dumplings and just with mushrooms - great idea for post. Mushrooms are always pre-cooked, for example, stewed in oil or in own juice with onion, salt, pepper, dill . If there are not enough mushrooms, then you can add mashed potatoes to them - this classic combination guarantees excellent taste.

Maria Bykova

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History of dumplings: about the role of dumplings in culture. It is probably difficult to find a person who would not know what dumplings are. Indeed, in addition to the fact that dumplings are a favorite dish home cooking, they, along with dumplings, are one of the most common types of ready-made semi-finished products. Traditionally, dumplings are considered an element of Ukrainian cuisine. Although, if you delve into the history of the origin, it turns out that the dumplings were not born in the Ukrainian expanses.

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Initially, a dish of boiled unleavened dough stuffed with meat or vegetables originated in Turkey. Under the name dush-vara, it came to Ukraine, and the locals liked it so much that it became an indispensable element. national cuisine. The Ukrainians gave the once overseas dish its own name "vareniki" and enthusiastically began to improve the recipe for its preparation. The oriental dish "dush-vara" became "varaniki", and then dumplings. In Ukrainian dumplings, mostly sweet stuffing is used.

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A separate line should be said about lazy dumplings they are dumplings. Dumplings in the Ukrainian village were cooked almost daily, mainly for dinner, since dumplings are an easy-to-cook dish, very nutritious and satisfies hunger well, especially after hard work in sowing, harvesting or stubble. By the way, in Russia a similar dish is called kletski.

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The dough for dumplings was made from different flours, most often wheat, buckwheat or a mixture of wheat and buckwheat. Dumplings boiled in water were thrown into a colander and seasoned with onion fry on vegetable oil or sala. Dumplings boiled in milk or in broth were eaten with liquid. Buckwheat flour dumplings differed in the way they were prepared. Buckwheat flour was beaten with water and an egg until sour cream thickened, then, having previously moistened a spoon in water, they took the dough and carefully lowered it into boiling water. When the dough floated up, the dumplings were carefully removed from the vine with a colander. Big dumpling mouth rejoices.

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In his immortal works, Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol mentioned the famous dish more than once. Solokha cooked his dumplings in a cast-iron pot, and in the story "Viy" the characters eat dumplings the size of a hat. And, indeed, until the middle of the 19th century, it was customary to sculpt dumplings up to 30 cm in length.

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Then Vakula noticed that there were neither dumplings nor a tub in front of him; but instead there were two wooden bowls on the floor: one was filled with dumplings, the other with sour cream. His thoughts and eyes involuntarily rushed to these dishes. “Let's see,” he said to himself, “how Patsyuk will eat dumplings. He probably won’t want to bend over to sip like dumplings, and it’s impossible: first you need to dip the dumpling in sour cream. As soon as he had time to think this, Patsyuk opened his mouth, looked at the dumplings, and opened his mouth even more. At this time, the dumpling splashed out of the bowl, slapped it into the sour cream, turned over to the other side, jumped up and just got into his mouth. Patsyuk ate and opened his mouth again, and the dumpling went again in the same order. He only took on the task of chewing and swallowing. N.V. Gogol "Evenings on a farm near Dikanka"

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Monuments to dumplings, dumplings and dumplings Vareniki, dumplings, dumplings are international dishes, they are loved in Russia, Ukraine and even abroad. They love so much that they erect monuments to their favorite delicacy. Today we will tell you about some of them.

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Monument to dumplings in Cherkasy, Ukraine In the city of Cherkasy is the most famous monument to dumplings, which was installed in 2006. It is called "Cossack Mamai and the half-moon dumpling". It represents the figure of a seated Cossack Mamai against the background of a huge dumpling. The author of the monument is Cherkasy artist Ivan Frizer. By the way, for the celebration in honor of the opening of the monument, a dumpling was cooked 75 cm wide and 174 cm long, and it weighed almost 70 kilograms!

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Here I would like to mention the Poltava dumplings. In 2006, the monument appeared on Cathedral Square in Poltava. The author of the composition is Anatoly Chernoshchekov. He captured favorite dish in the form of a deep bowl, filled to the brim with mouth-watering dumplings asking for your mouth. There is also a spoon next to the plate.

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Yeysk, Taganrog Embankment, Russia There is also a monument to dumplings in Russia, and it is located in Yeysk. In the park, on the Taganrog embankment, on the square near the Palace of Culture, a white pedestal in honor of the dumpling flaunts. The author of this masterpiece is Inna Sapozhnikova, an artist and sculptor. The composition is a concrete image of a dumpling, comfortably located on a festive tablecloth next to a jug of butter. On this creation of Kuban architecture, an inscription was carved in Russian and Ukrainian: "Let everyone live like a dumpling in oil"...

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What are dumplings, who invented them and where is their homeland? Few people know that we owe the appearance of dumplings on our table ... to the Turks! After tasting the Turkish dushvara, the Ukrainians were delighted and changed it in their own way, improving the filling and simplifying the dough recipe.

Dumplings differ from dumplings in that the filling in them is always not raw, but ready-made. That is, at heat treatment vareniki only dough is cooked. Even if dumplings are prepared with meat, minced meat from previously boiled or fried meat goes into the filling.

So, dumplings came to Ukraine from Turkey and became our favorite dish. As we have already mentioned, in Turkey this dish was called dush-var, or dush-vara. Ukrainians began to call it in their own way - varaniki, and then vareniki, linking the name with the cooking method - boiling. It is logical - dumplings are cooked. So the title is correct.

Ukrainian cuisine is famous for tender, fragrant dumplings with cherries, cheese, potatoes and sour cream. They are known and loved by everyone - from young to old.

The filling of dumplings can be boiled meat, mashed potatoes with or without mushrooms, stewed or sauerkraut, salted or sweet cottage cheese, cheese, berries - forest or garden. Cherry dumplings are especially loved by the people. Sour cream, curdled milk, yogurt, butter, honey, jam are served with sweet dumplings. For meat, potato, mushroom dumplings - sour cream, fried onions, mayonnaise, garlic sauce.

But the most ardent adherents of Ukrainian cuisine, of course, will say that true varenyky should be sweet and that one should experiment with various berry and fruit fillings. Cherry dumplings are real celebrities, but they are no worse than dumplings with wild berries, cherries, apples, cottage cheese.

Of the unsweetened fillers, the most common are cabbage, herring, potatoes, mushrooms and, of course, lard. A separate line should be said about lazy dumplings - they are curd dumplings, they are also dumplings. They don't have any toppings at all.

Without further ado, varenyky can be considered a traditional, and perhaps even a cult dish of Ukrainian cuisine. Gogol's Solokha cooked them nicely, and now everyone can choose both the filling of dumplings and the dough according to their taste. The modern assortment of dumplings includes 27 varieties.

For you to know: the name of vareniki is common Ukrainian, but pies are Western Ukrainian (Galician). It is believed that dumplings existed in pagan times and even meant something. Their first consumption is attributed to the ancient Trypillians, and God knows what millennium BC. Dumplings then symbolized the month and fertility. They were molded from rye, wheat, buckwheat, barley flour; stuffed with potatoes, cheese, cabbage, sheep cheese (in the Carpathians), millet porridge or crushed beans (Polesie), buckwheat porridge with cheese (Volyn), boiled beans, sometimes grated with viburnum (Poltava region).

Typical for all regions of Ukraine are dumplings with cherries and cheese. Of the lean fillings, urda (“gurda”, “vurda”) was common, which was prepared in this way: slightly toasted hemp (rarely flax) seeds were crushed and ground in a makitra, poured with boiling water, stirred, filtered and put on fire. The yellowish foam that formed during boiling was removed and used as a filling. Instead of seeds, they often took makukha (remains after squeezing oil from seeds). And there were also dumplings with sand (this is not real sand, but such a filling)! But fern filling remains an unusual filling (read their recipe in the next issue).

And now let's talk about fun and fortune-telling with dumplings that were on the territory of Ukraine: when preparing dumplings, Ukrainian women put a piece of paper with a man's name in them, and not necessarily familiar guys. It was necessary to carefully monitor when the water boils: with what name the dumpling will float to the surface first - that will be the name of the future husband.

Or it happened that a girl put her dumpling in front of a cat or a dog, which were a kind of oracles of fate. The animal, choosing a certain dumpling with a piece of paper inside, pointed to the groom. But if the cat bites someone's dumpling and leaves it, then this meant that the betrothed would do this to the girl in life. If the cat takes the dumpling far from the table, then this meant that the matchmakers would come from afar and the marriage would be far from the father's house.

Ukrainian dumplings are a very strong magical dish that can help a person in many things. Let's start with the fact that the process of making dumplings can be associated with different phases of the moon. A round piece of dough is a full moon, and a finished dumpling is a young month. It is believed that there must be twenty-nine dumplings on a plate, according to the number of days in a lunar month. A woman must certainly sculpt dumplings! In finished form, the dumpling resembles a pregnant woman, so such work in the kitchen can help a woman significantly strengthen her female energy, correct a failed female share. And if a woman has problems with reproductive function, then the process of making dumplings will help her get rid of this problem. To do this, while preparing this dish, she needs to imagine that each dumpling made is she is pregnant. Of great importance is the filling, which is used to make dumplings. So, for example, it is customary to appease evil spirits with cottage cheese dumplings so that they do not harm, and pamper good spirits so that they do not forget and do not leave in difficult times. To do this, several dumplings were left on the table at night on a saucer so that the spirits could feast at night. In the morning, these dumplings are given to animals. If you have health problems, then dumplings with potatoes will come to your aid. Eat an odd number of these magic dumplings, thinking about what you want to get rid of, and see how much easier you feel. The main thing is not to overeat.

The same dish will help you get rid of longing-sadness and depression.

But dumplings with poppy seeds are a special magical dish. Poppy is a symbol of the masculine, and a finished dumpling is a symbol of the feminine. This is a kind of Yin and Yang, only in the Ukrainian manner. Such dumplings are a good harmonizer of family relations. If a husband and wife eat such a dish, they will forever forget what quarrels and scandals are, and happiness and love will forever settle in their house!