Useful components of wines. Dry red wine: benefits and harms A useful component of red wine

Opinion about this alcoholic drink as a health product is still divided. Supporters cite facts about the healing properties of wine that are known to science as arguments. Dry cahors, for example, is used in church communion rituals, it is able to strengthen blood vessels, fight heart pathologies. Opponents - representatives of mainstream medicine - are wary of this type of therapy, but admit that some people benefit from drinking a little wine.

What wine is good for health

The positive qualities of the drink largely depend on the method of production, the components of the drink. Red wine is obtained from a dark grape variety, which is called "purple" in wine-growing regions. It must be collected at a certain time of the year (for each variety it is different), so that the ratio of acids, sugars in the berry on the vine is at the required level. Only by following these rules will it be possible to obtain the desired result.

In Spain and Italy, the collection period is called "vendemia", or "vendimia". In the southern part of the hemisphere they harvest from February to April, and in the northern part from July to October. There are special machines for picking grapes, but to obtain elite varieties of wine, everything is still done by hand, carefully picking each berry. The harvest is then subjected to maceration and pressing to produce a must that goes through the following steps:

• fermentation;
• filtering;
• bottling.

Chemical composition

Useful properties of wine are shown only at the moderate use. The drink is high in calories and easily absorbed by the body. One liter of dry wine contains 700 kcal. Dessert sugar-containing wines have higher calorie content. Among the most valuable substances in this alcohol, valuable to the body and having biocatalytic properties, organic acids are called. It also contains:

• combination of nitrogen and phosphorus;
• pectin substances;
• glycerol;
• sugar;
• potassium salts;
• iron;
• magnesium;
• calcium;
• vitamins;
• radioactive substances;
• rare items.

Tartaric acids have been proven to have high bactericidal properties. Organic acids in wine are present in a bound or free state, while mineral acids are present in a slightly smaller amount. In addition to the listed organic components (succinic, acetic, malolactic, tartaric acid), there are more than 20 amino acids in wine that are beneficial to the health of the human body. The composition contains a lot of amine nitrogen (almost 245 mg / l), which corresponds to the daily minimum.

Fortress and sweetness of wine

Before drinking any alcohol, you should know its strength, and in the case of wine, also sweetness. This is necessary for all people who would like to understand the varieties and consciously choose a drink. Measure the alcohol content as a percentage of the total volume of the liquid. Each variety has its own characteristics:

• sherry - up to 24%;
• dry and semi-dry - 9-12%;
• fortified and dessert - 15-18%;
• semi-sweet - 18–22%

Health benefits of dry red wine

With the right intake of this type of alcohol, you can achieve a positive effect on the body. Make sure first that you have no general contraindications for drinking alcohol. If there are none, then wine will help you get the following beneficial effects:

1. Strengthening the cardiovascular system. The elasticity of the walls of the vessel increases due to procyanides. These are special substances that are found in wine tannins. Moderate consumption of dry red wine reduces the risk of a heart attack (this has been proven by scientists).
2. Antioxidant action. The beneficial effect is achieved due to the content of flavonoids in the composition of the drink (found in grapes). There are more of them in red varieties, the most active antioxidants are quercetin, resveratrol, catechin. These substances help neutralize free radicals in the body, which provoke immune dysfunction, strokes, heart disease (heart attack), some types of cancer, and degenerative disorders.
3. Improving brain function. The properties of short-term and long-term memory are improved. The beneficial effect of the drink extends to those parts of the brain that are responsible for emotions, the ability to learn (to perceive new information).
4. Reducing bad cholesterol levels. In healthy people, the decrease in the index after drinking wine reached 9%. For those who had problems with cholesterol, a decrease of up to 12% was observed.
5. Reduces the risk of age-related cataracts, improves visual acuity.
6. The risk of developing caries decreases, the condition of the oral mucosa improves. Wine helps to destroy the bacterial flora that negatively affects the microflora of the oral cavity.

Useful properties of white wine

Some people prefer other types of drink. The benefits of white wine have also been studied by scientists, a number of useful properties help fight some ailments. The positive qualities are:

1. Antibacterial and antiseptic properties. With the help of this alcohol, you can disinfect water, destroy the pathogens of cholera, typhoid, other bacteria and microbes. Heated wine is prescribed for colds as an antiviral agent.
2. Prevention of infectious diseases. Dry white wine contributes to the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The drink prevents hepatitis A, prevents infection with 5 major strains of influenza.
3. Decreased levels of the stress hormone. Useful substances reduce the likelihood of developing a depressive state, improve mood.
4. Prevention of Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis. The drink improves thought processes, strengthens memory, helps to absorb useful substances from food. Due to the production of lipoproteins, which increase the content of "good" cholesterol, the likelihood of cardiovascular pathologies and atherosclerosis is reduced. It is important that the desired effect will be only when using a natural product, and not tinted wine powder.

Benefits of wine for women

For the fair sex, this drink is valuable because of its pleasant taste and natural hypnotic effect. This is the first positive effect - the fight against insomnia, from which no person at any age is immune. The following benefits of red wine for women have been proven:

1. Slowing down the aging process. Useful substances and trace elements from the drink help to resist cellulite, cleanse the skin. Beauticians recommend taking a bath with the addition of one bottle of alcohol to the water. The result will be immediately noticeable: the skin will become more “alive”, acquire a fresh look, be young and smooth.
2. Dry wine for weight loss. One of the positive properties is the normalization of the nervous system due to the sleep hormone melatonin. This makes it easier to tolerate diet and exercise while losing weight.
3. The drink is low in calories, and the composition suppresses the production of substances that lead to obesity. The components are also involved in the process of fat burning.

Which wine is better white or red

There are minor differences between these varieties, but both of them will be useful if you follow two simple rules:

1. You bought a natural product that was prepared from pure raw materials using the right technology, and it is not a wine surrogate.
2. Moderate use in the prescribed dosage, and not whole liters every day.

The benefit of red wine is a slightly higher content of resveratrol (a natural antioxidant), but it is also present in white. In red varieties, there is a little more potassium and magnesium, there is still lutein (provides color for the drink), which is not found in white varieties. The latter, as a rule, are weaker in degrees, therefore they are safer for health. There are no other tangible differences, so when using 1-2 glasses, you will not notice the difference. The choice often comes down to taste preferences.

Norm of use

Scientists emphasize that it is useful to drink wine only in limited quantities. It is recommended to drink from 100 to 150 ml of the drink per day. If you exceed the norm, then alcohol will begin to have a negative effect on the body. It changes the mental state, can cause headaches (migraine), adversely affects the functioning of the liver. When abused, wine causes the following negative reactions:

• pressure surges;
• development of hypertension;
• development of oncological diseases;
• slowing down the reaction;
• changes in the psycho-emotional background;
• development of severe mental disorders.

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E If drunkenness and alcoholism have always been violently cursed by mankind, then grape wine itself has been enthusiastically glorified from ancient times to the present day. "Milk of Venus", as Aristotle called wine, contains a large number of biologically active substances. Grape wine has an extremely complex chemical composition, including about 600 components, the main of which is water. The content of the extract in wine depends on many conditions. On average, in white wine it is about 22 g / l (grams per liter). Red wine has a higher extract content - about 30 g/l. Even higher extractiveness - up to 40 g/l and sometimes even up to 60 g/l - for strong and dessert wines.

The chemical composition of wine

Carbohydrates in wine are represented by glucose and fructose, various polysaccharides. Content ethyl alcohol ranges from 9 to 14% in table wines, from 12 to 17 - in dessert, from 17 to 20 - in strong wines. Grape wines also contain small amounts of highly toxic methyl alcohol, for example, in white wines - from 0.2 to 1.1 g / l, and a number of other higher alcohols. Of the polyhydric alcohols, wine contains glycerin. Its quantity can be different - from 0.7 to 14 g per 100 g of ethyl alcohol. If the wine is made from grapes affected by noble rot, then the glycerin content can reach 30 g/l.

Grape wine contains various organic acids: malic, tartaric, lactic, volatile acids, as well as nitrogenous substances: amino acids and peptides, proteins and ammonia. It is the amino acids that are involved in chemical transformations that lead to the formation of the characteristic features of a particular wine.

Phenolic substances actively involved in the formation of the taste and color of wine are present in a wide range - up to 0.1 g/l in whites and up to 5 g/l in reds.
Wines also contain aldehydes, acetates, esters, which are involved in creating the aroma and bouquet of wine. The mineral composition of wine is varied: manganese, fluorine, zinc, titanium, cobalt - a total of 24 trace elements. Wine does not contain a very large amount of vitamins C, B,1, B2, B6, B12, PP, but their effect on the human body is extremely favorable. At the same time, the wine is rich in vitamin P, which promotes the absorption of ascorbic acid.

The chemical composition of wine, its properties depend on a combination of many factors: climatic, soil conditions and topography of places where grapes are grown, agricultural practices, methods of wine production, etc. Due to the unique content of various useful substances, wine is considered to be the most valuable hygienic drink with bactericidal properties, as well as with a versatile beneficial effect on the human body. The main thing is the moderate consumption of wine.

How much wine to drink

There were traditional social demands for moderation: three cups of wine per drinker per day. Probably, it was this dose that led to the creation of a wine bottle of a strange, at first glance, capacity - 0.75 liters, sufficient, for example, to hold three glasses of wine for each of two drinkers.
The demands of moderation date back to ancient times. The Athenian statesman Eubulus described the effects of drinking wine in 375 BC:
"I must mix three cups: one for health, the second for love and pleasure, the third for good sleep. After drinking three cups, the wise guests go home. The fourth cup is no longer ours, it belongs to violence; the fifth to noise; the sixth to the drunk revelry; the seventh to black eyes; the eighth to peacekeepers; the ninth to suffering and the tenth to madness and the collapse of furniture. The maximum dose of wine these days is limited by the amount of alcohol it contains. It is believed that for an adult man, the norm of wine drunk per day with a strength of 10% should not exceed 400 grams.

How to open wine

This operation is especially delicate and requires a certain skill and skill. In every bottle of good wine, the cork is covered with a special cap. Incorrect or inept removal of it can disrupt the aesthetic appearance of the bottle. In addition, if the wine is old red, then special care is required so as not to disturb the tannin sediment that forms in the bottle. That is why a bottle of red wine must be placed in a vertical position a day or better two before it is opened. In this case, the sediment will sink to the bottom.
If a bottle of red wine was not put in a vertical position in advance, then a special "cradle" is used. The bottle is placed in it with the label up, the cork is carefully removed with a corkscrew and the wine is poured, firmly holding the "cradle" along with the bottle. So, it is necessary to remove the cork cover (cap). To do this, cut it with a sharp knife right under the protruding part of the neck of the bottle. After that, the upper part of the cap can be easily removed and does not interfere with the bottling of wine. Then you need to pull out the cork with a corkscrew.
Invented around 1790 by an English gunsmith, a bottle opener called a corkscrew has been improved and improved many times. Currently, there are many different designs of corkscrews. However, they all have one principle of action: a spiral with rounded edges (so as not to chop up the cork) up to 5.5 cm long penetrates the cork and removes it from the bottle without much effort.
In 1979, the Englishman Allen developed the Scropull corkscrew model, which became popular all over the world. The corkscrew is screwed into the cork strictly in its center and vertically. If possible, the cork should not be stuck through to avoid small crumbs getting into the wine. But it is also impossible to screw in the corkscrew weakly either: this will inevitably lead to repeated screwing, but already through and with the formation of small crumbs from the cork. The corkscrew with the cork should be pulled gently and silently, avoiding unnecessary popping.
After uncorking, the neck of the bottle is again wiped with a napkin. Experienced sommeliers, having pulled out the cork, imperceptibly sniff it. If the smell is unpleasant, then this indicates a "corky taste", this bottle will need to be replaced. Pouring some wine into a glass, the waiter invites the customer to taste it. If the wine is liked and approved, they start serving all the guests. In this case, the wine is poured without fail on the right side. The bottle is held in such a way that the label can be seen. It is indecent to hold a bottle "by the throat", to pour wine through the back of the hand. The art of pouring also lies in the fact that, after filling the glass, slightly turn the bottle. In this case, not a single drop will spill.
If the owner of the house pours wine at the table, then he should start with his glass, filling it halfway, and then offer it to all guests clockwise (from left to right).
Particular attention should be paid to uncorking an old port wine that has been aged for more than thirty years. The cork in such drinks is usually very difficult to remove. in the usual way. For these purposes, in Portugal, special tongs are used, called tenash (tenaz). This traditional tool is first heated red-hot, then they are wrapped around the neck of the bottle below the cork for about ten seconds. Then tenash is removed, poured on the neck cold water, and its upper part, in which the cork is located, gently breaks away from the bottle.

Useful properties of wine

The wine has pronounced antibacterial properties. It is noted that during epidemics the number of cases in wine-growing regions and among people who regularly drink wine is somewhat lower. During the research it was noted that wine suppresses the bacteria of tuberculosis, cholera, malaria, etc. Moreover, almost the same effect is produced by wine diluted twice with water. Therefore, during epidemics, especially in regions prone to them, doctors recommend drinking table wine, half diluted with water, instead of drinking water. In addition, dry white table wine perfectly quenches thirst. Natural wine is also useful for colds and chronic diseases such as influenza, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. With such diseases, mulled wine + hot red table wine with spices and sugar, such as Cabernet or Merlot, for example, should be consumed. For disorders and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, red wines with a high content of tannins are useful, for example, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet. Such wines, due to the presence of tannins, have a strengthening and healing effect on the stomach, especially with scars and stomach ulcers. With obesity and metabolic disorders, wines also help. They remove slags and toxins from the human body, normalize metabolism. A particularly valuable property of wines is the ability to lower the cholesterol content, which has been confirmed by numerous experiments, for example, with rabbits. It has been established that in the same area, people who regularly drink wine have a low cholesterol content. Wine also helps with radiation. So, in the former Soviet Union, people who, on duty, work in the nuclear and similar industries and in conditions associated with increased radioactive danger, were regularly prescribed the use of Cahors (for example, submariners on nuclear-powered ships). With diabetes, dry grape wines with a low content of sugar and glucose (less than 4 grams per 1 liter) are suitable. Light white and especially champagne wines contribute to the maintenance of weakened cardiac activity. So, white semi-dry wines have a positive effect on the elasticity of blood vessels, reduce the risk of blood clots and myocardial infarction. And champagne also improves ventilation of the lungs, stimulating the respiratory centers.

Useful properties of red wine

Red wines contain vitamins B2, B1, C, P, iron, potassium, magnesium, iodine, manganese, gold. The healing properties of red wine are explained by the high content of essential amino acids in it, as well as natural antioxidants - flavonoids, one of the tasks of which is to protect plant genes from damage by ultraviolet radiation. In the human body, such a substance is melanin. This property of red wine made it possible to use it in the prevention and treatment of cancer. The positive properties of red wine include:

• protection against cancer (on the one hand, with the help of resveratol, wine protects the cells of the human body from the damaging effects of ultraviolet and X-ray radiation, on the other hand, saponins, wine catechins serve as an antioxidant and protect cell DNA molecules from free radicals).
• prevention against atherosclerosis (increases the level of "good" cholesterol in the blood, which has a high density, and removes "bad" cholesterol from the body, which protects the body from strokes and heart attacks).
• prevention of blood clots in the lumen of blood vessels (resveratol thins the blood and prevents blood platelets from sticking together).
• prevention of anemia, large blood loss, beriberi.
• warm red wine diluted with water helps fight colds, pneumonia, flu, bronchitis. Dose 50 g 3 times a day.
• help with diarrhea (it is recommended to drink 50 grams of cool red wine, which has astringent and antitoxic properties).
• help with insomnia (30 g of sweet or semi-sweet red wine at bedtime in severe cases).
• from bruises and bruises, from pain from injuries and sprains, compresses with cool red wine help to quickly get rid of.

Useful properties of white wine

Numerous healing qualities of white wine have been known since ancient times. Even Hippocrates in ancient Greece said about him: "Wine is surprisingly adapted to the human body, both healthy and sick." And much later, but just as true, Louis Pasteur noticed the same truth, saying: "Wine can rightfully be considered the healthiest and most hygienic drink."

Benefits of white wine include:

• it increases appetite
• enhances the secretion of the endocrine glands
• promotes better secretion of gastric juice and maintenance of normal stomach acidity
• dilates blood vessels
• destroys bacilli in the stomach and intestines
• support the heart muscle
• improve lung function
• help restore metabolism
• useful for anemia
• antioxidants, although contained in small quantities, are absorbed more easily than from red wine, since they are smaller in size.

It is not news that there are quite a lot of centenarians among peoples who regularly drink wine. This is what some individuals justify their passion for alcohol. What kind of wine is good for health and what exactly can be learned from the researchers of this product.

Which wine is healthier - white or red?

Natural grape wine contains many active biological substances and compounds. The antibacterial properties of wine were among the first to be discovered - people noticed that if you drink it with a cold, then recovery is faster. On long trips, wine was added to water and drunk without fear of getting a gastrointestinal upset.

If you are trying to figure out which wine is the most useful, you should refer to the composition. White contains many vitamins and minerals, as well as caffeic acid. Thanks to these components, white wine is very useful for colds and bronchitis - it thins phlegm and relieves coughing, strengthens the body's immune defenses.

In addition, it is white wine that doctors recommend drinking to people who are interested in the answer to the question of which wine is good for the heart. Despite the fact that red wine strengthens blood vessels, some of its components can cause a strong heartbeat and even tachycardia, which, of course, are dangerous in the presence of diseases of the cardiovascular system.

Red wine is a source of many active substances: antioxidants, vitamins, minerals and other compounds. Due to its rich composition, red wine is useful for lung diseases, high cholesterol, reduced immunity, anemia, stomach diseases, and also for caries prevention. Catechins and enzymes contained in red wine contribute to the breakdown of fats, so it is better to drink heavy meals with them.

One of the most valuable components of red wine is resveratrol. According to researchers, this antioxidant prevents the development of oncology and is even able to eliminate already existing cancer cells. In addition, resveratrol has antimutagenic properties.

Which wine is healthier dry or semi-sweet?

The difference between dry wine from sweet and semi-sweet is the complete absence of sugar, which is completely processed during fermentation. Dry wine contains a minimum of carbohydrates, so it can be allowed on some weight loss diets.

Meanwhile, researchers have proven that sweet, semi-sweet and dessert wines contain more organic acids, which protect the body from toxins, increase immunity and are very useful for beauty and youth prolongation.

Benefits of dry red wine

Red dry wine can be very useful for a person. Of course, with moderate use (for example, one glass during dinner). Even the great Hippocrates used red wine as an antiseptic, diuretic and sedative. Modern scientists have also identified and proven the numerous healing properties of dry red wine.

Red dry wine contains a considerable amount of the most important elements for the health and life of people. First of all, amino acids and chemicals necessary for the normalization of metabolism, development, growth and protection of cells. In addition, red wine contains magnesium, which stimulates the work of the heart muscle; iron, saving from anemia; chromium, which promotes the synthesis of fatty acids; zinc, normalizing acidity; rubidium, which removes radioactive elements from the body.

Medicinal uses of red wine

Due to the high content of nutrients, red wine is actively used for medicinal purposes. It supports cardiac activity, dilates blood vessels, prevents the development of atherosclerosis, lowers cholesterol levels. If you drink red wine regularly, it will gradually remove harmful substances from the blood vessels.

Red dry wine, containing a lot of tannins, helps in case of gastrointestinal disorders and helps to eliminate toxic substances from the body.

Mulled wine (a drink made from hot red wine) is well suited to treat colds, flu, and even pneumonia. Red wine improves blood formation. In addition, wine increases appetite, normalizes metabolism (which, in turn, contributes to the normalization of weight), improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Red dry wine normalizes sleep, slows down the aging process. It contributes to the prevention of cancer, treats caries and gum disease.

Moderation is the key to health

At the same time, when drinking wine, it is necessary to observe the measure: no more than two or three glasses a day for men and no more than one and a half for women. Ideally, one glass is enough during dinner. In addition, it must be remembered that only natural, high-quality wine made from ripe red grapes brings health benefits. Such wines include the French Cabernet, Sauvignon, Pinot Noir. The latter, by the way, is a kind of "elixir of youth."

However, the abuse of any, even the highest quality wine will do more harm than good, turning its healing properties into harmful ones. It does not hurt to listen to the French (and they are known to be great connoisseurs of wine), who joke that wine can cure all diseases except alcoholism.

Wine - the harm and benefits of drinking a natural drink

"To drink or not to drink?" We often ask this question without thinking about philosophy at all, but only about our health. On the one hand, although wine is a divine drink, it is still alcoholic. And alcohol is bad. On the other hand, the French drink a couple of glasses every day and feel great. And at the same time die from heart attacks less often.

What is the truth in grape nectar? Benefit or harm? Doctors and scientists did not come to a consensus, but the studies were carried out and the facts were established. And these facts are: good wine in small doses - it is useful! Of course, it is important not to overdo it here: moderation is the main key to health. In addition, you need to understand that wine is guilty of strife. Only real, “correct” grape wine is really useful. But first things first.

The benefits of wine

It has been established that wine contains many useful elements: organic acids, antioxidants, vitamins B and C, tannins, as well as magnesium, calcium, iron, potassium, selenium, iodine, zinc and others. The presence of these important substances for health explains the benefits of wine. A “friendly company” of microelements has a positive effect on the body: it stimulates metabolism, strengthens the immune system, relieves fatigue, improves tone, and helps to better absorb fatty foods.

This grape drink has anti-toxic and astringent properties, so it is useful in the treatment of certain intestinal disorders. A small amount of drink at night will serve as a cure for insomnia - wine contains melatonin, the so-called "sleep hormone". And this is not a complete list!

Which is more useful

Health benefits will be only if you use natural grape nectar from trusted manufacturers. Chemicals and dyes that are part of surrogate wines can cause serious harm to the body.

According to research results, the most useful drink is red dry.

The benefits of red wine

The benefits of red wine have been known since ancient times, not without reason it was considered the drink of the gods. Poems were composed about him, the gods of winemaking were worshiped and sacrificed. The "father of medicine" Hippocrates considered red nectar a cure for many diseases and compared its healing properties with honey. Modern research also confirms the benefits of a red drink.

It is proved that dry red wine:

• strengthens the walls of blood vessels and improves blood circulation, thereby reducing the likelihood of heart attacks and heart attacks (according to some reports, by 30-50%);
• dilates blood vessels, reduces pressure;
• increases the level of hemoglobin;
• has antibacterial, antiviral and antiseptic properties;
• reduces the likelihood of cancer;
• improves sleep;
• lowers cholesterol levels, reduces the risk of strokes;
• stimulates the activity of the intestine;
• strengthens the immune system;
• removes toxins from the body;
• reduces the risk of caries and tartar, as well as gum disease.

According to scientists, the benefits of this drink will be maximum if consumed with meals.

Red wine as a fountain of youth

Unbelievable, but true: dry red wine prolongs youth!

The skin of dark grapes contains a biologically active substance - resveratrol, a powerful natural antioxidant. Due to its special properties, the use of a red dry drink significantly reduces the risk of cancer. Moreover, it has been proven that resvertarol has a rejuvenating effect. It has a beneficial effect on the skin, improves its tone, promotes the production of collagen.

Grape wines are traditional holiday drinks. However, the competent use of grape wine has a positive effect on human health. Ancient healers were convinced of this, and modern medical research confirms the same fact. The main thing in the treatment of wine - you need to know when to stop.

The most useful, experts consider dry red wine consumed with meals. Ancient physicians, in particular Hippocrates, used wine as an antiseptic, diuretic, sedative, and as a solvent for medicines.

What is useful grape wine?

Red grape wine has valuable properties, thereby helping to maintain human health. It contains essential amino acids and compounds necessary for metabolism, as well as antioxidants that promote the development, growth and protection of cells. The composition of red wine includes magnesium - it helps in the work of the heart; a large amount of iron, chromium, involved in the synthesis of fatty acids in the body; zinc, which is responsible for the balance of acidic tissues; rubidium, which removes radioactive elements from the body.

A glass of red wine contains:

• 0.11 g of proteins,
• 0 g fat,
• 127.7 g of water,
• 15.9 g of alcohol,
• 0.3 g of fructose, which is found only in sweet wines.

It also includes macronutrients:

• 190 mg potassium,
• 6 mg sodium
• 12 mg calcium
• 18 mg magnesium.

Trace elements:

• iron in the amount of 0.69 mg,
• 0.3 mcg selenium,
• 0.017 mg copper,
• 0.21 mg zinc.

What are the benefits of wine? Wine has its own beneficial properties due to the content of biologically active elements in it - flavonoids, quercetin and reservatol, polyphenols and tannin. Polyphenols, in addition to preventing destructive processes in the human body, also help to remove free radicals from cells, while rejuvenating all organs and tissues in the body.

Medicinal properties of wine

1. Red wine is used for medicinal purposes, as it supports cardiac activity, helps to expand blood vessels, prevents the development of atherosclerosis, lowers the amount of cholesterol in the blood. With constant use, red wine almost completely flushes the blood vessels.

2. Wine with a high content of tannins helps with indigestion, causes the removal of toxins from the body.

3. Red table wine (up to 2 glasses a day) is recommended for anemia.

5. Mulled wine - hot red wine with sugar, can be used to treat flu, bronchitis, pneumonia.

6. Weakened patients are given 3-4 tablespoons of wine a day to restore vitality.

7. Red wine 100 - 250 ml per day serves to increase tone and immunity, and also promotes hematopoiesis.

8. When drinking red wine, appetite increases, metabolism normalizes, gastric juice is secreted and normal stomach acidity is maintained.

9. If you drink wine within the normal range, the secretion of the endocrine glands increases, sleep improves, cell aging slows down, the development of cancer is prevented, the development of caries slows down, and the deposition of tartar is prevented. In addition, wine is a wonderful remedy for stress and depression.

10. Recently, Canadian scientists have discovered another healing property of red wine - it prevents gum disease due to the high content of polyphenols.

Drink wine, but know the measure!

Of course, it is important to observe the measure in the use of wine:

• two to three glasses a day for men;
• no more than one and a half glasses for women.

Heart people are allowed no more than one glass of red wine during dinner and only with the permission of a specialist doctor. Here, busting will be much more dangerous than a shortage - with an overabundance of wine, it can seriously harm.

What wine is truly healthy?

Need to know what medicinal properties possess only absolutely natural wines. There are no medicinal properties in wine surrogates with artificial colors and flavors.

Special healing properties are distinguished by red wines made on the basis of matured grapes with thick skins. These are French wines Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Pinot Noir, as well as Chilean wines.

Wine etiquette is a complex science. It requires not only knowledge, experience, but also a delicate taste. But the one who has befallen her will turn even an ordinary family dinner into an exquisite celebration.

Of course, it is not necessary to strictly follow the advice. But if you set out to strike on the spot with your gourmet guests, then it’s better to stick to traditions. They were formed for a reason: properly served wines excite the appetite, help to better reveal the taste of meat dishes, set off the sophistication of sweets. When buying, the main thing is to study the label, and when serving, keep the order and take into account the compatibility of drinks with cooked dishes.

You need to be able not only to choose a drink, but also to present it. The splendor of color, subtle notes of aroma and taste of wine will emphasize a beautiful glass.

Wine glasses can be bought from porcelain or metal, but crystal leaves far behind all other materials. They will add a touch of real solemnity even to an ordinary lunch or dinner with loved ones.

The more expensive the wine and the more delicate its taste, the thinner the walls of the glass should be. Red wines can be served warm, so wide, low-stemmed crystal glasses that you can hold in your hand are suitable for them. For white wine, the stem should be high, and the glass itself should be medium in length. Then the drink will stay cool longer. Champagne "prefers" long, elongated shapes.

Types of wine

• Table wine is consumed during the daily meal. The label must indicate: the manufacturer, grape variety. Table wines are often young, not pretentious in terms of storage.
• Local wine includes semi-dry and dry wines. More often, their name comes from the grape variety - "Muscat", "Cabernet Sauvignon". The label must indicate the year of harvest and place of origin.
• Vintage wine is the highest category of wines that are made from the best varieties grapes. Before bottling, they are aged in cellars for 1.5 to 3 years. The name often gives the area or castle where the grapes are grown, which should also appear on the label.

What wine goes with what dish?

• Red is offered with dark meat: beef, lamb, pork, as well as goose and duck. The serving temperature should be 16-18'.
• Pink is served with desserts: cakes, sweets, fruits. Serving temperature to the table 8-12 ′.
• White is often served with fish, as well as light boiled meat - veal, chicken or turkey. Serving temperature to the table 8-12 ′.

What glasses are wine served in?

In a semicircle near the plate or from right to left in a straight line. Glasses are arranged in the order in which drinks are served: they start with large ones and gradually move to small ones.

It is known: the stronger the drink, the smaller the capacity - glasses and glasses. For wine, a tulip glass with a high stem is ideal - its shape is slightly narrower towards the top, which allows you to concentrate the aroma of the drink. Therefore, the glass is filled to half or 2 cm from the edge.

It is customary to use glasses for red wines in volume slightly larger than for whites. Champagne and other sparkling wines are poured into tall and narrow glasses to slow down the exhalation of the aroma and retain a high foam.

The glass should only be half filled with wine. Expensive, elite wines are poured only one-third. Only under this condition will it be possible to rotate the wine in a glass, saturating it with air, helping to reveal the peculiarities of taste. When the walls of the glass are slightly narrowed at the top, the aroma of the wine will be more concentrated. The wine is drunk slowly. Suitable for white grape wines fish dishes, red wine is combined with meat. Dry champagne is universal in this regard. Dessert varieties are served with fruits, snacks, sweets (except chocolate).

How to store

If the wine is stored incorrectly, then all the exquisite shades may not be brought to the feast. It is better to keep the wine in a cool place and always in a horizontal position. It is stored “lying down”, because the cork dries quickly in a standing bottle, which causes air to pass through, and then the wine becomes tasteless, it can acquire an unpleasant smell. The ideal temperature is maintained, of course, in the wine cellar.

Grape wine in cosmetology

The rejuvenating and tonic effect of red wine was still used by the ancient Romans, taking baths from it and rubbing it into the skin. The French believe that grape wine prolongs life, and in Bordeaux there are wine therapy centers where treatments can be combined with wine tasting. Why is grape wine so useful? Does it really prolong beauty and youth?

Grapes contain a complex of vitamins - A, C, B6, minerals - calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, as well as flavonoids - antioxidants that help prolong youth. Grape seeds are also useful: they contain polyphenols that cleanse blood vessels.

Wine from grape berries is no less useful: it also contains antioxidants, vitamins and minerals.

Our ancestors, of course, hardly knew about the beneficial properties of wine, since no one conducted a study of the composition of grapes and wine. However, the following should be taken into account here: using it in much larger quantities than we do, our ancestors looked younger and healthier than us.

A mysterious aroma of beauty always curls around wine, and it is not surprising: those who often drink good wine can boast not only good health, but also healthy beauty. And that's why.

Grapes (if we are talking about grape wine) produce a polyphenol - a substance that is 10,000 times better at fighting the harmful effects of the environment than the same famous vitamin E, which was recognized by an expert in this field. Polyphenol was obtained quite recently - in 1994.

Under the influence of a negative environment, aggressive oxygen compounds are formed in the human body - free radicals, which provoke oxidation, decay and similar destructive processes in our body. A polyphenol contains a component that fights free radicals. In fact, the fight against oxidants is a fight against time, against aging.

Wine can be consumed orally, but not more than 1 glass per day. And also use it as an external agent in the fight against aging.

Wine hair mask

Required products:

• 1 teaspoon olive oil,
• 2 tablespoons cream
• 1 tablespoon red wine.

Mix all ingredients, beat with a fork and apply to hair before washing. Put on a plastic cap and hold the mask for 30 minutes. Then wash your hair with shampoo.

Wine face mask

This mask can be used to get smooth skin with an even complexion.

Required products:

• 1 tablespoon cream
• 4 tablespoons red wine
• 1 teaspoon of oatmeal.

Mix all products and apply on face and neck for 15 minutes. Then wash off with warm water.

Wine bath for nails

Against delamination of nails and to strengthen them, a bath of wine is suitable.

Required products:

• 100 ml dry white wine
• 5 tablespoons apple cider vinegar
• 4 tablespoons of olive oil.

Mix all the ingredients in a bowl and soak your fingertips in this liquid for 20 minutes.

Wine foot bath

Required products:

• 1 glass of white wine
• 1 tablespoon linden flowers.

Pour the wine into a saucepan or saucepan, put on fire and bring to a boil. Add lime blossom, reduce heat, cover the mixture with a lid and let it simmer for 5-7 minutes. Then turn off the heat and let the mixture cool.

Pour the mixture into the foot bath, lower the feet for 10 minutes. Then treat the feet with pumice stone and again lower into the wine bath. At the end, apply a nourishing cream to the feet and put on cotton socks.

Currently, there are entire SPA centers located in the vineyards themselves, which use cosmetics based on polyphenols. In addition to fighting free radicals, polyphenol also improves blood microcirculation in skin cells, supports their metabolism and fills them with energy.

Of course, our ancestors, who drank wine in much larger quantities than we do, hardly knew what a polyphenol was, but they also did not know the negative environmental factors that we encounter on a daily basis. And, accordingly, our great-great-grandmothers looked younger than their years.

Archaeological excavations carried out in Mesopotamia and some other regions give reason to believe that the beginning of the cultivation of grapes and the preparation of alcoholic beverages from it dates back to 6000-4000 BC. In the prehistoric era, the use of wine was considered the privilege of royalty, the aristocracy and the clergy. In peasant families, drinks made from various herbs, cereals and honey were served at the table.

Jancis Robertson in the book The Oxford Companion to Wine wrote that the oldest documents that mention the technology of making wine are Sumerian tablets and Egyptian papyri dating back to 2200 BC. e. In ancient Egypt, only pharaohs and members of the nobility were allowed to drink wine. With the development of winemaking in ancient Greece, the use of grape drinks became available to the general population. Wine began to devote literary works and scientific treatises, the drink was used not only in cooking, but also in medicine.

The famous ancient Greek healer Hippocrates considered wine an indispensable component of a healthy diet that improves the functioning of the digestive system. He also used grape drinks as an analgesic for parturient women, treatment of stomach and intestinal disorders, disinfection of wounds, recommended for dilution of bitter medicinal powders to make their intake more pleasant for patients.

Red wine - 17 health benefits

1. Cholesterol Reduction

   The red Tempranillo grape used in some Rioja wines is high in fiber. This factor can have a significant impact on cholesterol levels - say scientists from the Complutense University of Madrid, which is located in Spain.

   This scientific hypothesis was confirmed by American researchers who involved several dozen volunteers in the experiment. Participants were divided into two groups, one of which was absolutely healthy people, the other - patients with high blood cholesterol. Both those and others were asked to take an additive similar in composition to red wine for six months. The analyzes showed that in the body of healthy people the level of "bad" cholesterol (LDL) decreased by 9%, in the control group a drop in LDL was recorded at around 12%.

   Summing up the results of the study, Arthur Ágatson (M.D., Associate Professor at the University of Miami) emphasized that the results obtained can turn today's view on the use of grape drinks. He also noted the enormous harm of cholesterol to human health. “Excessive LDL,” the professor said, “is dangerous because plaque forms on the walls of the arteries, which leads to a narrowing of the lumen of the vessels, as a result, blood pressure rises, which ultimately turns into a heart attack.”

2. Prevention of cardiovascular diseases

   “In addition to the ability to reduce the level of“ bad ”cholesterol, red wine, due to the content of polyphenols and antioxidants, helps maintain the elasticity of blood vessels, and also prevents excessive blood clotting,” says John Foltz, Ph.D., professor of the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nutrition University of Madison (Wisconsin, USA).

   “Red wine in this sense has the same effectiveness as the well-known aspirin,” says Foltz, “but be careful: chronic drinking causes irreparable damage to the heart, do not forget that moderation is the key here.”

3. Blood sugar control

   Wine, like the skin of red grapes, contains the natural substance resveratrol, which can help diabetics regulate blood sugar levels. This is confirmed by the results of a recent study published in the American Journal of Diet Nutrition. Participants in the experiment were asked to take 250 mg of resveratrol as a food supplement once a day for three months.

   Laboratory tests showed that these patients had a significant decrease in blood glucose levels, compared with those people who adhered to a normal lifestyle. In addition, resveratrol helps lower total cholesterol and systolic blood pressure. Experts believe that resveratrol stimulates the secretion of insulin, and also activates the production of enzymes responsible for maintaining normal glucose levels and the body's sensitivity to insulin.

4. Strengthening brain activity

   According to Philippe Marambaud, Ph.D., senior researcher at the New York Alzheimer's Research Center, resveratrol prevents mental decline and memory fading.

   It is known that brain degradation occurs as a result of the formation of beta-amyloid proteins in cells. Resveratrol blocks this process, allowing a person at any age to maintain clarity of thought.

   The technique developed by Dr. Marambod to treat patients with brain disorders involves exercise, solving crosswords and puzzles, and relaxing with a glass of wine.

5. Strengthening immunity

   In a survey conducted in 2010 by specialists from a university in Spain, 4,000 people took part. It turned out that people who consume two glasses of red wine every day are half as susceptible to colds and viral diseases during the year. These data are confirmed by the statistics of the National Institutes of Health in different countries. According to scientists, the antioxidants contained in wine protect the body from the effects of free radicals, which serves as a preventive measure not only for acute, but also for chronic pathologies.

6. Barrier to the development of cancer

   According to researchers from the University of Virginia, drinking one glass of red wine 3-4 times a week is enough to suppress the activity of any cancer cells at the nucleation stage. This effect was found during experiments to determine the interaction of resveratrol with tumor cells in the human body.

   Scientists from the University of Leicester (USA) spoke at the 2nd International Scientific Conference in the UK with a report on the effects of resveratrol on health. In this document, in particular, it was said that with regular moderate consumption of red wine, the risk of bowel tumors is reduced by about 50%.

   It is known that alcohol abuse often results in breast cancer in women. However, experts from the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles managed to prove that the presence of red wine in the diet leads to the exact opposite effect.

   In a publication in the journal Women's Health, scientists explained that chemicals found in the skins and seeds of red grapes regulate estrogen and testosterone levels in menopausal women, significantly reducing the risk of breast cancer.

   The authors emphasized that it is not so much red wine that has antitumor properties, but the raw materials used in its production. But if a woman is faced with a choice of which alcoholic drink to prefer, then, of course, you need to stop at red wine.

7. Maintaining normal body weight

   It's obvious that high calorie content grapes and its derivatives does not give grounds to recommend the use of red wine to overweight people. But the results of recent scientific studies have shown that moderate consumption of grape drinks can prevent the growth of fat cells. Scientists conducted a series of laboratory tests to find out the effect of resveratrol on the body. It turned out that polyphenolic compounds, by binding insulin receptors, exclude the conditions necessary for the maturation and division of fat cells.

8. Anti-aging effect

   The study of the rejuvenating properties of wine has been going on for more than a thousand years. During the Middle Ages, it was noticed that the novices of the monasteries have a higher life expectancy compared to the rest of the population. This factor was explained by the fact that monks accompany their meals with regular consumption of red wine.

   Experts from the Harvard Medical School believe that grape drinks can really stop the aging of the body due to the presence of resveratrol in the peel of berries. Professor David Sinclair, responsible for conducting experiments on laboratory animals, commented on the results of the experiment: “The introduction of resveratrol into the diet of mice on a high-fat diet has a positive effect on their overall health and significantly reduces mortality.”

   Another study conducted at the University of London found that procyanidins contained in red wine ensure the preservation of blood vessels, which can be called one of important points that have a positive effect on a person's life span. Scientists emphasized that red wines made using traditional technologies are distinguished by the optimal presence of useful substances.

9. Dementia Prevention

   A group of scientists from the Loyola University Medical Center concluded that moderate consumption of red wine can reduce the risk of developing dementia by 23%.

   In the course of the ongoing research, experts collected and analyzed data from scientific papers on red wine published over the past forty years. Statistics covering 19 countries of the world showed that in regions where red wine is traditionally consumed, cases of dementia among the population are observed several times less frequently.

   Researchers attribute this effect to the ability of resveratrol to reduce the stickiness of blood platelets and maintain vascular elasticity, which ensures a good blood supply to the brain. Resveratrol is present in both red and white wine. However, dark grape varieties have a higher content of this substance.

   Professor Edward Gee Neefsey, who led the study, said: “We do not encourage people who have never drunk alcohol before to start drinking. But at the same time, there is no denying the fact that the presence of alcohol in the human diet, in moderation, can be beneficial to health.”

10. Protecting the skin from sunburn

    Grapes and their derivatives help reduce the harmful effects of ultraviolet light on the skin - such information was published in the "Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry" by scientists from the University of Barcelona (Spain).

    The authors explained that upon contact sun rays The article presents a large number of scientific research results showing the benefits of sunlight for human health. reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed with human skin, which oxidize fats, DNA and other large molecules. This process, in turn, stimulates the activity of other enzymes that destroy the cells of the epidermis. Antioxidants found in wine and grapes inhibit the formation of ROS and protect the skin from the harmful effects of sunlight.

11. Prevention of diseases leading to blindness

    Red wine can stop the uncontrolled growth of blood vessels in the eyeball that leads to blindness, say experts from Washington University and St. Louis School of Medicine. Scientists cite their arguments in an article published in the American journal Pathology of Vision.

    Experts believe that diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration are caused by increased vascular growth (angiogenesis) in the eye, which is the main cause of vision loss in people over 50 years of age.

    The researchers explained that the resveratrol contained in wine helps to eliminate pathological processes. This polyphenol is also present in fresh grapes, blueberries, peanuts, and some other fruits.

12. Stroke prevention

    “Red wine protects brain vessels from damage, including preventing the occurrence of a stroke,” wrote a researcher at Johns Hopkins University in the journal Experimental Neurology.

    Professor Sylvain Dore believes that the resveratrol present in red wine is responsible for increasing the level of heme oxygenase, an enzyme that is produced in the nerve cells of the brain when there is a threat of negative influences and helps to resist serious complications.

    Dr. Dore added that it is not yet fully understood whether this factor is a direct action of resveratrol, or whether wine contains other beneficial substances that may be necessary to stimulate the production of oxygenase.

13. Improving respiratory function and preventing lung cancer

    Dutch scientists have published the results of scientific research, during which they analyzed the effect of resveratrol contained in various varieties of wine on lung function. Experts have confirmed that resveratrol in its pure form has a positive effect on the respiratory system. It has also been noted that white wines are just as good for the lungs as red ones.

    Summing up, the head of the study said: “According to a number of surveys among various segments of the population, it was possible to find out that people who drink wine moderately are much less susceptible to lung diseases. It is possible that resveratrol is not the only beneficial element present in wine. The beneficial effect on respiratory functions is likely due to many other compounds that are formed in grape drinks during the fermentation process.

    The results of another study conducted by a group of scientists from the Kaiser Permanente Medical Center (USA) were published in the journal Oncology, Biomarkers and Prevention. Professor Chun Chao writes: "The antioxidant component of grape wine appears to be a strong defense against lung cancer, especially among smokers."

14. Increasing the level of omega-3 fatty acids

    Wine is better than others alcoholic drinks stimulates an increase in the level of Omega-3 in plasma and erythrocytes - this was the conclusion of specialists from different European countries who conducted a large-scale study under the auspices of IMMIDIET. The results were published in the Journal of Diet Nutrition. More than one and a half thousand people from London (Great Britain), Abruzzo (Italy) and Limburg (Belgium) took part in the tests. All patients underwent a physical examination and completed a questionnaire about their eating habits. It turned out that people who regularly drink a moderate amount of wine, the level of Omega-3 in the blood is as high as those who eat a lot of fish and seafood. Scientists concluded that drinking wine acts as a kind of catalyst that triggers the replenishment of fatty acids that protect the heart from coronary disease.

15. Prevention of liver diseases

    A study by the UC San Diego Department of Medicine found that moderate consumption of quality wine halved the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease compared to people who never drank the drink. The findings challenged conventional wisdom about the harmful effects of alcohol on liver health.

    In one issue of the American Bulletin of Hepatology, facts were cited proving that people who prefer wine are four times less likely to develop non-alcoholic fatty liver disease than those who drink beer, liquors and other alcohol-containing drinks.

16. Prostate Cancer Prevention

    According to the results of a medical study published in June 2007 in the journal Men's Health, men who moderately drink red wine are 52% less likely to get prostate cancer than those who have never drunk a grape drink.

    Experts consider 4-7 glasses a week to be the optimal amount of wine that can be consumed with health benefits. But even one glass drunk every seven days reduces the risk of prostate cancer by 6%.

17. Diabetes protection

    Scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, conducting experiments on laboratory mice, found that the element resveratrol contained in red wine and grape skins increases the body's sensitivity to insulin. This occurs under the influence of the production of the sirt1 enzyme. Study leader Professor Kwei Zhai noted that insulin resistance is the most important factor in the prevention of type 2 diabetes, but the final conclusions about the benefits of wine for patients at risk for diabetes will be made by the results of further experiments.

Red wine - contraindications

Summing up, it should be noted that all of the above applies to high-quality natural wines, but in no way applies to surrogate drinks made from low-grade raw materials using dubious technologies. Also, we must not forget that without harm to health, red wine should be consumed extremely moderately, that is, no more than 100-150 grams per dose several times a week. Uncontrolled drinking damages the body and leads to many diseases:

mental disorders;

depressive states;

cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia;

hypertension, heart attack and stroke;

fatty degeneration of the liver;

cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatitis;

gastritis, gastric and intestinal ulcers;

tumor and other chronic pathologies.